: Text Clustering    : NLP Applications    : Opinion and Argumentation Mining    : Discourse and Coreference    : Information Extraction
: Morphology and POS Tagging    : Software Engineering    : AI Planning    : Health Informatics    : Miscellany    : Representative    : Most Cited

	2025
	TOSEM		Benchmarking and Categorizing the Performance of Neural Program Repair Systems for Java.           Wenkang Zhong, Chuanyi Li, Kiu Liu, Jidong Ge, Bin Luo, Tegawende F. Bissyande, and Vincent Ng           ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology, 2025.
	ACL'25		MemeQA: Holistic Evaluation for Meme Understanding.           Khoi P. N. Nguyen, Terrence Li, Derek Lou Zhou, Gabriel Xiong, Pranav Balu, Nandhan Alahari, Alan Huang, Tanush Chauhan, Harshavardhan Bala, Emre Guzelordu, Affan Kashfi, Aaron Xu, Suyesh Shrestha, Megan Vu, Jerry Wang, and Vincent Ng           Proceedings of the 63rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), 2025.
	FSE'25		Teaching AI the 'Why' and 'How' of Software Vulnerability Fixes.           Amiao Gao, Zenong Zhang, Simin Wang, LiGuo Huang, Shiyi Wei, and Vincent Ng           Proceedings of the 33rd ACM International Conference on the Foundations of Software Engineering (Research Track), 2025.
	AAAI'25		Understanding Advertisements.           Yi Feng, Chuanyi Li, and Vincent Ng           Proceedings of the 39th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2025.
	COLING'25		InternLM-Law: An Open-Sourced Chinese Legal Large Language Model.           Zhiwei Fei, Songyang Zhang, Xiaoyu Shen, Dawei Zhu, Xiao Wang, Jidong Ge, and Vincent Ng           Proceedings of the 31st International Conference on Computational Linguistics, 2025.
	2024
	TOSEM		PTM-APIRec: Leveraging Pre-trained Models of Source Code in API Recommendation.           Zhihao Li, Chuanyi Li, Ze Tang, Wanhong Huang, Jidong Ge, Bin Luo, Vincent Ng, Ting Wang, Yucheng Hu, and Xiaopeng Zhang.           ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology, 2024.
	JSEP		PassSum: Leveraging paths of abstract syntax trees and self‐supervision for code summarization.           Changan Niu, Chuanyi Li, Vincent Ng, Jidong Ge, LiGuo Huang, and Bin Luo.           Journal of Software: Evolution and Process, 2024.
	EMNLP'24		LawBench: Benchmarking Legal Knowledge of Large Language Models.           Zhiwei Fei, Xiaoyu Shen, Dawei Zhu, Fengzhe Zhou, Zhuo Han, Alan Huang, Songyang Zhang, Kai Chen, Zhixin Yin, Zongwen Shen, Jidong Ge, and Vincent Ng           Proceedings of the 2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, 2024.
	EMNLP'24		Automated Essay Scoring: A Reflection on the State of the Art.           Shengjie Li and Vincent Ng           Proceedings of the 2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, 2024.
	EMNLP'24		Computational Meme Understanding: A Survey.           Khoi P. N. Nguyen and Vincent Ng           Proceedings of the 2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, 2024.
	ACL'24		Legal Case Retrieval: A Survey of the State of the Art.           Yi Feng, Chuanyi Li, and Vincent Ng           Proceedings of the 62nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), 2024.
	ACL'24		Conundrums in Cross-Prompt Automated Essay Scoring: Making Sense of the State of the Art.           Shengjie Li and Vincent Ng           Proceedings of the 62nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), 2024.
	ACL'24 Findings		LJPCheck: Functional Tests for Legal Judgment Prediction.           Yuan Zhang, Wanhong Huang, Yi Feng, Chuanyi Li, Zhiwei Fei, Jidong Ge, Bin Luo, and Vincent Ng           Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2024, 2024.
	ACL'24 Findings		CMDL: A Large-Scale Chinese Multi-Defendant Legal Judgment Prediction Dataset.           Wanhong Huang, Yi Feng, Chuanyi Li, Honghan Wu, Jidong Ge, and Vincent Ng           Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2024, 2024.
	IJCAI'24		Automated Essay Scoring: Recent Successes and Future Directions.           Shengjie Li and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 33rd International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2024.
	NAACL-HLT'24		ICLE++: Modeling Fine-Grained Traits for Holistic Essay Scoring.           Shengjie Li and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 2024 North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, 2024.
	COLING'24		Universal Anaphora: The First Three Years.           Massimo Poesio, Maciej Ogrodniczuk, Vincent Ng, Sameer Pradhan, Juntao Yu, Nafise Sadat Moosavi, Silviu Paun, Amir Zeldes, Anna Nedoluzhko, Michal Novák, Martin Popel, and Zdenek Zabokrtský           Proceedings of the 2024 Joint International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Language Resources and Evaluation, 2024.
	ICSE'24		FAIR: Flow Type-Aware Pre-Training of Compiler Intermediate Representations. [ACM SIGSOFT Distinguished Paper Award]           Changan Niu, Chuanyi Li, Vincent Ng, David Lo, and Bin Luo.           Proceedings of the 46th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Software Engineering (Research Track), 2024.
	ICSE'24		Practical Program Repair via Preference-based Ensemble Strategy.           Wenkang Zhong, Chuanyi Li, Kui Liu, Tongtong Xu, Jidong Ge, Tegawende F. Bissyande, Bin Luo, and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 46th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Software Engineering (Research Track), 2024.
	FORGE'24		On Evaluating the Efficiency of Source Code Generated by LLMs.           Changan Niu, Ting Zhang, Chuanyi Li, Bin Luo, and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the First Special Event of AI Foundation Models and Software Engineering, 2024.
	2023
	TSE		Machine/Deep Learning for Software Engineering: A Systematic Literature Review.           Simin Wang, Liguo Huang, Amiao Gao, Jidong Ge, Tengfei Zhang, Haitao Feng, Ishna Satyarth, Ming Li, He Zhang, and Vincent Ng.           IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, 2023.
	TNNLS		Comparing the Pretrained Models of Source Code by Re-pretraining under a Unified Setup.           Changan Niu, Chuanyi Li, Vincent Ng, and Bin Luo.           IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems, 2023.
	ACL'23		PairSpanBERT: An Enhanced Language Model for Bridging Resolution.           Hideo Kobayashi, Yufang Hou, and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 61st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), 2023.
	ICSE'23		An Empirical Comparison of Pre-Trained Models of Source Code.           Changan Niu, Chuanyi Li, Vincent Ng, Dongxiao Chen, Jidong Ge, and Bin Luo.           Proceedings of the 45th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Software Engineering (Research Track), 2023.
	ICSE'23		CrossCodeBench: Benchmarking Cross-Task Generalization of Source Code Models.           Changan Niu, Chuanyi Li, Vincent Ng, and Bin Luo.           Proceedings of the 45th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Software Engineering (Research Track), 2023.
	AAAI'23		Multimodal Propaganda Processing.           Vincent Ng and Shengjie Li.           Proceedings of the 37th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2023.
	2022
	TSC		Predicting Product Review Helpfulness - A Hybrid Method.           Li Kong, Chuanyi Li, Jidong Ge, Vincent Ng, and Bin Luo.           IEEE Transactions on Services Computing 15(4), pages 2213-2225, 2022.
	EMNLP'22		DiscoSense: Commonsense Reasoning with Discourse Connectives.           Prajjwal Bhargava and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 2022 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, 2022.
	EMNLP'22		End-to-End Neural Discourse Deixis Resolution in Dialogue.           Shengjie Li and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 2022 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, 2022.
	CODI-CRAC'22 shared task		The CODI-CRAC 2022 Shared Task on Anaphora, Bridging, and Discourse Deixis in Dialogue.           Juntao Yu, Sopan Khosla, Ramesh Manuvinakurike, Lori Levin, Vincent Ng, Massimo Poesio, Michael Strube, and Carolyn Rose           Proceedings of the CODI-CRAC 2022 Shared Task on Anaphora, Bridging, and Discourse Deixis in Dialogue, 2022.
	CODI-CRAC'22 shared task		Neural Anaphora Resolution in Dialogue Revisited.           Shengjie Li, Hideo Kobayashi and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the CODI-CRAC 2022 Shared Task on Anaphora, Bridging, and Discourse Deixis in Dialogue, 2022.
	COLING'22		End-to-End Neural Bridging Resolution.           Hideo Kobayashi, Yufang Hou, and Vincent Ng           Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, 2022.
	IJCAI-ECAI'22		Deexaggeration.           Li Kong, Chuanyi Li, and Vincent Ng           Proceedings of the 31st International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and the 25th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2022.
	IJCAI-ECAI'22		Legal Judgment Prediction: A Survey of the State of the Art.           Yi Feng, Chuanyi Li, and Vincent Ng           Proceedings of the 31st International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and the 25th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2022.
	IJCAI-ECAI'22		Deep Learning Meets Software Engineering: A Survey on Pre-Trained Models of Source Code.           Changan Niu, Chuanyi Li, Bin Luo, and Vincent Ng           Proceedings of the 31st International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and the 25th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2022.
	ACL'22		Legal Judgment Prediction via Event Extraction with Constraints.           Yi Feng, Chuanyi Li, and Vincent Ng           Proceedings of the 60th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), 2022.
	ACL'22		Constrained Multi-Task Learning for Bridging Resolution.           Hideo Kobayashi, Yufang Hou, and Vincent Ng           Proceedings of the 60th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), 2022.
	ICSE'22		SPT-Code: Sequence-to-Sequence Pre-Training for Learning Source Code Representations.           Changan Niu, Chuanyi Li, Vincent Ng, Jidong Ge, LiGuo Huang, and Bin Luo           Proceedings of the 44th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Software Engineering (Research Track), 2022.
	AAAI'22		Commonsense Knowledge Reasoning and Generation with Pre-trained Language Models: A Survey.           Prajjwal Bhargava and Vincent Ng           Proceedings of the 36th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2022.
	2021
	CODI-CRAC'21 shared task		The CODI-CRAC 2021 Shared Task on Anaphora, Bridging, and Discourse Deixis in Dialogue.           Sopan Khosla, Juntao Yu, Ramesh Manuvinakurike, Vincent Ng, Massimo Poesio, Michael Strube, and Carolyn Rose           Proceedings of the CODI-CRAC 2021 Shared Task on Anaphora, Bridging, and Discourse Deixis in Dialogue, 2021.
	CODI-CRAC'21 shared task		The CODI-CRAC 2021 Shared Task on Anaphora, Bridging, and Discourse Deixis Resolution in Dialogue: A Cross-Team Analysis.           Shengjie Li, Hideo Kobayashi and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the CODI-CRAC 2021 Shared Task on Anaphora, Bridging, and Discourse Deixis in Dialogue, 2021.
	CODI-CRAC'21 shared task		Neural Anaphora Resolution in Dialogue.           Hideo Kobayashi, Shengjie Li and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the CODI-CRAC 2021 Shared Task on Anaphora, Bridging, and Discourse Deixis in Dialogue, 2021.
	EMNLP'21		Conundrums in Event Coreference Resolution: Making Sense of the State of the Art.           Jing Lu and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 2021 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, 2021.
	EMNLP'21 Findings		Don't Miss the Potential Customers! Retrieving Similar Ads to Improve User Targeting.           Yi Feng, Ting Wang, Chuanyi Li, Vincent Ng, Jidong Ge, Bin Luo, Yucheng Hu and Xiaopeng Zhang.           Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2021, 2021.
	NAACL-HLT'21		Constrained Multi-Task Learning for Event Coreference Resolution.           Jing Lu and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 2021 North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, 2021.
	NAACL-HLT'21 short		Bridging Resolution: Making Sense of the State of the Art.           Hideo Kobayashi and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 2021 North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, 2021.
	AAAI'21		Span-Based Event Coreference Resolution.           Jing Lu and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 35th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2021.
	TKDD		Recommending Statutes: A Portable Method Based on Neural Networks.           Yi Feng, Chuanyi Li, Jidong Ge, Bin Luo, and Vincent Ng.           ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data 15(2), 16:1--16:22, 2021.
	2020
	COLING'20		Bridging Resolution: A Survey of the State of the Art.           Hideo Kobayashi and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, 2020.
	EMNLP'20		Identifying Exaggerated Language.           Li Kong, Chuanyi Li, Jidong Ge, Bin Luo, and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of 2020 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, 2020.
	EMNLP'20		Conundrums in Entity Coreference Resolution: Making Sense of the State of the Art.           Jing Lu and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of 2020 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, 2020.
	AACL'20		Event Coreference Resolution with Non-Local Information.           Jing Lu and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 1st Conference of the Asia-Pacific Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 10th International Joint Conference on           Natural Language Processing, 2020.
	LREC'20		Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis as Fine-Grained Opinion Mining.           Gerardo Ocampo Diaz, Xuanming Zhang and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation, 2020.
	LREC'20		Unsupervised Argumentation Mining in Student Essays.           Issac Persing and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation, 2020.
	AAAI'20		Unveiling Hidden Intentions. [Blue Sky Award]           Gerardo Ocampo Diaz and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 34th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2020.
	2019
	ASE'19		Predicting Licenses in Changed Source Code.           Xiaoyu Liu, LiGuo Huang, Jidong Ge, and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 34th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (Research Track), 2019.
	ACL'19		Give Me More Feedback II: Annotating Thesis Strength and Related Attributes in Student Essays.           Zixuan Ke, Hrishikesh Inamdar, Hui Lin, and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 57th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), 2019.
	ESEC/FSE'19		Assessing the Quality of the Steps to Reproduce in Bug Reports. [ACM SIGSOFT Distinguished Paper Award]           Oscar Chaparro, Carlos Bernal-Cardenas, Jing Lu, Kevin Moran, Andrian Marcus, Massimiliano Di Penta, Denys Poshyvanyk, and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 27th ACM Joint European Software Engineering Conference and Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering (Research Track), 2019.
	IJCAI'19		Automated Essay Scoring: A Survey of the State of the Art.           Zixuan Ke and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 28th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2019.
	NAACL-HLT'19		Improving Event Coreference Resolution by Learning Argument Compatibility from Unlabeled Data.           Yin Jou Huang, Jing Lu, Sadao Kurohashi, and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of Human Language Technologies: The 2019 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 2019.
	AAAI'19		Abstractive Summarization: A Survey of the State of the Art.           Hui Lin and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 33rd AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2019.
	2018
	ASE'18		Effective API Recommendation without Historical Software Repositories.           Xiaoyu Liu, LiGuo Huang, and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 33rd IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (Research Track), 2018.
	ACL'18		Modeling and Prediction of Online Product Review Helpfulness: A Survey.           Gerardo Ocampo Diaz and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 56th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), 2018.
	ACL'18		Give Me More Feedback: Annotating Argument Persuasiveness and Related Attributes in Student Essays.           Winston Carlile, Nishant Gurrapadi, Zixuan Ke, and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 56th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), 2018.
	IJCAI-ECAI'18		Event Coreference Resolution: A Survey of Two Decades of Research.           Jing Lu and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 27th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and the 23rd European Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2018.
	IJCAI-ECAI'18		Learning to Give Feedback: Modeling Attributes Affecting Argument Persuasiveness in Student Essays.           Zixuan Ke, Winston Carlile, Nishant Gurrapadi, and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 27th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and the 23rd European Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2018.
	ICSME'18		Linking Source Code to Untangled Change Intents.           Xiaoyu Liu, LiGuo Huang, Chuanyi Li and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 34th IEEE International Conference on Software Maintenance and Evolution (Research Track), 2018.
	LREC'18		WikiRank: Improving Keyphrase Extraction based on Background Knowledge.           Yang Yu and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation, 2018.
	LREC'18		Modeling Trolling in Social Media Conversations.           Luis Gerardo Mojica and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation, 2018.
	JSS		Automatically Classifying User Requests in Crowdsourcing Requirements Engineering.           Chuanyi Li, LiGuo Huang, Jidong Ge, Bin Luo, and Vincent Ng.           Journal of Systems and Software, pages 108-123, 2018.
	2017
	IJCNLP'17		Lightly-Supervised Modeling of Argument Persuasiveness.           Isaac Persing and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 8th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing, 2017.
	IJCAI'17		Why Can't You Convince Me? Modeling Weaknesses in Unpersuasive Arguments.           Isaac Persing and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 26th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2017.
	ACL'17		Joint Learning for Event Coreference Resolution.           Jing Lu and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 55th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), 2017.
	TAC'17		UTD's Event Nugget Detection and Coreference System at KBP 2017.           Jing Lu and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 2017 Text Analysis Conference, 2017.
	ESEC/FSE'17		Detecting Missing Information in Bug Descriptions.           Oscar Chaparro, Jing Lu, Fiorella Zampetti, Laura Moreno, Massimiliano Di Penta, Andrian Marcus, Gabriele Bavota, and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 11th Joint Meeting of the European Software Engineering Conference and the ACM SIGSOFT Symposium on the Foundations of Software           Engineering (Research Track), 2017.
	ICSSP'17 short		Tracing Requirements in Software Design.           Zeheng Li, Mingrui Chen, LiGuo Huang, Vincent Ng, and Ruili Geng.           Proceedings of the 2017 International Conference on Software and System Processes, 2017.
	AAAI'17		Machine Learning for Entity Coreference Resolution: A Retrospective Look at Two Decades of Research.           Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 31st AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2017.
	2016
	COLING'16		Joint Inference for Event Coreference Resolution.           Jing Lu, Deepak Venugopal, Vibhav Gogate, and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, 2016.
	ACL'16		Modeling Stance in Student Essays.           Isaac Persing and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 54th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), 2016.
	ACL'16		Chinese Zero Pronoun Resolution with Deep Neural Networks.           Chen Chen and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 54th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), 2016.
	NAACL-HLT'16		End-to-End Argumentation Mining in Student Essays.           Isaac Persing and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of Human Language Technologies: The 2016 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 2016.
	AAAI'16		Joint Inference Over a Lightly Supervised Information Extraction Pipeline: Towards Event Coreference Resolution for Resource-Scarce Languages.           Chen Chen and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 30th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2016.
	LREC'16		Event Coreference Resolution with Multi-Pass Sieves.           Jing Lu and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation, 2016.
	TAC'16		UTD's Event Nugget Detection and Coreference System at KBP 2016.           Jing Lu and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 2016 Text Analysis Conference, 2016.
	LREC'16		Markov Logic Networks for Text Mining: A Qualitative and Empirical Comparison with Integer Linear Programming.           Luis Gerardo Mojica and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation, 2016.
	AMAI		Fast Strong Planning for Fully Observable Nondeterministic Planning Problems.           Jicheng Fu, Andres Calderon Jaramillo, Vincent Ng, Farokh Bastani, and I-Ling Yen.           Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence, 2016.
	Book Chapter		Advanced Machine Learning Models for Coreference Resolution.           Vincent Ng.           In Massimo Poesio, Roland Stuckardt, and Yannick Versley (Eds.) Anaphora Resolution: Algorithms, Resources, and Evaluation, Springer Verlag, 2016.
	2015
	EMNLP'15		Sieve-Based Spatial Relation Extraction with Expanding Parse Trees.           Jennifer D'Souza and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 2015 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, 2015.
	ACL-IJCNLP'15		Modeling Argument Strength in Student Essays.           Isaac Persing and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 7th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing           (Volume 1: Long Papers), 2015.
	ACL'15 short		Sieve-Based Entity Linking for the Biomedical Domain.           Jennifer D'Souza and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 7th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing           (Volume 2: Short Papers), 2015.
	ACL'15 short		Chinese Zero Pronoun Resolution: A Joint Unsupervised Discourse-Aware Model Rivaling State-of-the-Art Resolvers.           Chen Chen and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 7th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing           (Volume 2: Short Papers), 2015.
	CoNLL'15		Recovering Traceability Links in Requirements Documents.           Zeheng Li, Mingrui Chen, LiGuo Huang, and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the Nineteenth Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning, 2015.
	SemEval'15		UTD: Ensemble-Based Spatial Relation Extraction.           Jennifer D'Souza and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 9th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation, 2015.
	NAACL-HLT'15		Chinese Event Coreference Resolution: An Unsupervised Probabilistic Model Rivaling Supervised Resolvers.           Chen Chen and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of Human Language Technologies: The 2015 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 2015.
	TAC'15		UTD's Event Nugget Detection and Coreference System at KBP 2015.           Jing Lu and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 2015 Text Analysis Conference, 2015.
	AAAI'15		Chinese Common Noun Phrase Resolution: An Unsupervised Probabilistic Model Rivaling Supervised Resolvers.           Chen Chen and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 29th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2015.
	ASE Journal		AutoODC: Automated Generation of Orthogonal Defect Classifications.           LiGuo Huang, Vincent Ng, Isaac Persing, Mingrui Chen, Zeheng Li, Ruili Geng, and Jeff Tian.           Automated Software Engineering, 22(1), 3-46, 2015.
	ASE Journal		SMPLearner: Learning to Predict Software Maintainability.           Wei Zhang, LiGuo Huang, Vincent Ng, and Jidong Ge.           Automated Software Engineering, 22(1), 111-141, 2015.
	2014
	EMNLP'14		Relieving the Computational Bottleneck: Joint Inference for Event Extraction with High-Dimensional Features.           Deepak Venugopal, Chen Chen, Vibhav Gogate, and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 2014 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, 2014.
	EMNLP'14		Why are You Taking this Stance? Identifying and Classifying Reasons in Ideological Debates.           Kazi Saidul Hasan and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 2014 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, 2014.
	EMNLP'14		Vote Prediction on Comments in Social Polls.           Isaac Persing and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 2014 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, 2014.
	EMNLP'14		Chinese Zero Pronoun Resolution: An Unsupervised Probabilistic Model Rivaling Supervised Resolvers.           Chen Chen and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 2014 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, 2014.
	ACL'14		Automatic Keyphrase Extraction: A Survey of the State of the Art. [Listed by Paper Digest in May 2022 as the #9 most influential paper of ACL 2014]           Kazi Saidul Hasan and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 52nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), 2014.
	ACL'14		Modeling Prompt Adherence in Student Essays.           Isaac Persing and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 52nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), 2014.
	ACL'14 short		Scoring Coreference Partitions of Predicted Mentions: A Reference Implementation.           Sameer Pradhan, Xiaoqiang Luo, Marta Recasens, Eduard Hovy, Vincent Ng and Michael Strube.           Proceedings of the 52nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 2: Short Papers), 2014.
	AAAI'14		Chinese Overt Pronoun Resolution: A Bilingual Approach.           Chen Chen and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 28th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2014.
	AAAI'14		Chinese Zero Pronoun Resolution: An Unsupervised Approach Combining Ranking and Integer Linear Programming.           Chen Chen and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 28th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2014.
	COLING'14		Ensemble-Based Medical Relation Classification.           Jennifer D'Souza and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, 2014.
	IJAIT		Fast Strong Planning for FOND Problems with Multi-Root Directed Acyclic Graphs.           Andres Calderon Jaramillo, Jicheng Fu, Vincent Ng, Farokh Bastani, and I-Ling Yen.           International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools 23(6), 2014.
	Database Journal		Knowledge-Rich Temporal Relation Identification and Classification in Clinical Notes.           Jennifer D'Souza and Vincent Ng.           Database, Volume 2014: bau109, 2014.
	LREC'14		Annotating Inter-Sentence Temporal Relations in Clinical Notes.           Jennifer D'Souza and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation, 2014.
	LREC'14		SinoCoreferencer: An End-to-End Chinese Event Coreference Resolver.           Chen Chen and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation, 2014.
	2013
	JBI		Classifying Temporal Relations in Clinical Data: A Hybrid, Knowledge-Rich Approach.           Jennifer D'Souza and Vincent Ng.           Journal of Biomedical Informatics, 2013.
	EMNLP'13 short		Chinese Zero Pronoun Resolution: Some Recent Advances.           Chen Chen and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 2013 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, 2013.
	ICTAI'13		Fast Strong Planning for FOND Problems with Multi-Root Directed Acyclic Graphs.           Jicheng Fu, Andres Calderon Jaramillo, Vincent Ng, Farokh Bastani, and I-Ling Yen.           Proceedings of the 25th IEEE International Conference on Tools in Artificial Intelligence, 2013.
	IJCNLP'13		Stance Classification of Ideological Debates: Data, Models, Features, and Constraints.           Kazi Saidul Hasan and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 6th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing, 2013.
	IJCNLP'13		Linguistically Aware Coreference Evaluation Metrics.           Chen Chen and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 6th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing, 2013.
	IJCNLP'13 short		Chinese Event Coreference Resolution: Understanding the State of the Art.           Chen Chen and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 6th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing, 2013.
	ACM-BCB'13		Temporal Relation Identification and Classification in Clinical Notes.           Jennifer D'Souza and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 4th ACM Conference on Bioinformatics, Computational Biology and Biomedicine, 2013.
	CoNLL'13		Frame Semantics for Stance Classification.           Kazi Saidul Hasan and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the Seventeenth Conference on Computational Natural Language Learning, 2013.
	ACL'13		Modeling Thesis Clarity in Student Essays.           Isaac Persing and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 51st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), 2013.
	ACL'13 short		Extra-Linguistic Constraints on Stance Recognition in Ideological Debates.           Kazi Saidul Hasan and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 51st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 2: Short Papers), 2013.
	BEA'13		Simple Yet Powerful Native Language Identification on TOEFL11.           Ching-Yi Wu, Po-Hsiang Lai, Yang Liu and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 8th Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications: Shared Task, 2013.
	NAACL-HLT'13		Classifying Temporal Relations with Rich Linguistic Knowledge.           Jennifer D'Souza and Vincent Ng.           Main Proceedings of the 2013 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, 2013.
	2012
	COLING'12		Joint Modeling for Chinese Event Extraction with Rich Linguistic Features. (运用丰富语言学特征的中文事件抽取联合模型)           Chen Chen and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, 2012.
	COLING'12 short		Chinese Noun Phrase Coreference Resolution: Insights into the State of the Art. (中文名词共指消解：探究研究现状)           Chen Chen and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Posters Volume, 2012.
	COLING'12 short		Predicting Stance in Ideological Debate with Rich Linguistic Knowledge.           Kazi Saidul Hasan and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Posters Volume, 2012.
	ICTAI'12		Handling Planning Failures with Virtual Actions.           Jicheng Fu, Sijie Tian, Vincent Ng, Farokh Bastani, and I-Ling Yen.           Proceedings of the 24th IEEE International Conference on Tools in Artificial Intelligence, 2012.
	ACM-BCB'12		Anaphora Resolution in Biomedical Literature: A Hybrid Approach.           Jennifer D'Souza and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 3rd ACM Conference on Bioinformatics, Computational Biology and Biomedicine, 2012.
	AAAI'12		Clustering Documents along Multiple Dimensions.           Sajib Dasgupta, Richard M. Golden, and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 26th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2012.
	EMNLP'12		Resolving Complex Cases of Definite Pronouns: The Winograd Schema Challenge. [Listed by Paper Digest in Jan 2023 as the #14 most influential paper of EMNLP-CoNLL 2012]           Altaf Rahman and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 2012 Joint Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing and Computational Natural Language Learning, 2012.
	CoNLL'12 shared task		Combining the Best of Two Worlds: A Hybrid Approach to Multilingual Coreference Resolution.           Chen Chen and Vincent Ng.           2012 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing and Computational Natural Language Learning: Proceedings of the Shared Task, 2012.
	NAACL-HLT'12		Translation-Based Projection for Multilingual Coreference Resolution.           Altaf Rahman and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 2012 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, 2012.
	EACL'12		Learning the Fine-Grained Information Status of Discourse Entities.           Altaf Rahman and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 13th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 2012.
	2011
	IJCNLP'11		Syntactic Parsing for Ranking-Based Coreference Resolution.           Altaf Rahman and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 5th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing, 2011.
	ASE'11 short		AutoODC: Automated Generation of Orthogonal Defect Classifications.           LiGuo Huang, Vincent Ng, Isaac Persing, Ruili Geng, Xu Bai, and Jeff Tian.           Proceedings of the 26th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering, 2011.
	BMEI'11		A Smart Bed Platform for Monitoring & Ulcer Prevention.           Rasoul Yousefi, Sarah Ostadabbas, Miad Faezipour, Mehrdad Nourani, Vincent Ng, Lakshman Tamil, Alan Bowling, Deborah Behan, and Matthew Pompeo.           Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, 2011.
	EMNLP'11		Learning the Information Status of Noun Phrases in Spoken Dialogues.           Altaf Rahman and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 2011 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, 2011.
	IJCAI'11		Simple and Fast Strong Cyclic Planning for Fully-Observable Nondeterministic Planning Problems.           Jicheng Fu, Vincent Ng, Farokh Bastani, and I-Ling Yen.           Proceedings of the 22nd International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2011.
	IJCAI'11		Ensemble-Based Coreference Resolution.           Altaf Rahman and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 22nd International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2011.
	IJCAI'11		Learning Cause Identifiers from Annotator Rationales.           Muhammad Arshad Ul Abedin, Vincent Ng, and Latifur Rahman Khan.           Proceedings of the 22nd International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2011.
	ACL-HLT'11		Coreference Resolution with World Knowledge.           Altaf Rahman and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 49th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, 2011.
	IJMID		Early Detection of Myocardial Ischemia Using Transient ST-Segment Episode Analysis of ECG.           Suma Bulusu, Miad Faezipour, Vincent Ng, Subhash Banerjee, Mehrdad Nourani, and Lakshman Tamil.           International Journal of Medical Implants and Devices, 5(2):113, 2011.
	LISSA'11		Transient ST-Segment Episode Detection for ECG Beat Classification.           Suma Bulusu, Miad Faezipour, Vincent Ng, Mehrdad Nourani, Lakshman Tamil, and Subhash Banerjee.           Proceedings of the IEEE/NIH 5th Life Science Systems & Applications Workshop, 2011.
	JAIR		Narrowing the Modeling Gap: A Cluster-Ranking Approach to Coreference Resolution.           Altaf Rahman and Vincent Ng.           Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 40, pages 469-521, 2011.           (This is an expanded version of the Rahman & Ng EMNLP 2009 paper. It proposes the cluster-ranking model.)
	2010
	JAIR		Which Clustering Do You Want? Inducing Your Ideal Clustering with Minimal Feedback.           Sajib Dasgupta and Vincent Ng.           Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 39, pages 581-632, 2010.           (This is a significantly expanded version of the Dasgupta & Ng EMNLP 2009 paper.)
	JAIR		Cause Identification from Aviation Safety Incident Reports via Weakly Supervised Semantic Lexicon Construction.           Muhammad Arshad Ul Abedin, Vincent Ng and Latifur Khan.           Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 38, pages 569-631, 2010.
	EMNLP'10		Modeling Organization in Student Essays.           Isaac Persing, Alan Davis, and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 2010 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, 2010.
	ICML'10		Mining Clustering Dimensions.           Sajib Dasgupta and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Machine Learning, 2010.
	ACL'10		Supervised Noun Phrase Coreference Research: The First Fifteen Years. [Listed by Paper Digest in May 2022 as the #8 most influential paper of ACL 2010]           Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 48th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 2010.
	COLING'10		Inducing Fine-Grained Semantic Classes via Hierarchical and Collective Classification.           Altaf Rahman and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Computational Linguistics, 2010.
	COLING'10		Conundrums in Unsupervised Keyphrase Extraction: Making Sense of the State of the Art.           Kazi Saidul Hasan and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Posters Volume, 2010.
	SIGIR'10		Towards Subjectifying Text Clustering.           Sajib Dasgupta and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 33rd Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, 2010.
	CIDU'10		Improving Cause Detection Systems with Active Learning.           Isaac Persing and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 2010 Conference on Intelligent Data Understanding, 2010.
	2009
	NIPS'09 Workshop		Single Data, Multiple Clusterings.           Sajib Dasgupta and Vincent Ng.           NIPS 2009 Workshop on Clustering: Science or Art? Towards Principled Approaches, 2009.
	EMNLP'09		Topic-wise, Sentiment-wise, or Otherwise? Identifying the Hidden Dimension for Unsupervised Text Classification.           Sajib Dasgupta and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 2009 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, 2009.
	EMNLP'09		Supervised Models for Coreference Resolution.           Altaf Rahman and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 2009 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, 2009.
	ACL-IJCNLP'09		Mine the Easy, Classify the Hard: A Semi-Supervised Approach to Automatic Sentiment Classification.           Sajib Dasgupta and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the Joint Conference of the 47th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 4th International Joint Conference on           Natural Language Processing of the Asian Federation of Natural Language Processing, 2009.
	ACL-IJCNLP'09		Semi-Supervised Cause Identification from Aviation Safety Reports.           Isaac Persing and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the Joint Conference of the 47th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 4th International Joint Conference on           Natural Language Processing of the Asian Federation of Natural Language Processing, 2009.
	SSLNLP'09		Discriminative Models for Semi-Supervised Natural Language Learning (Invited position paper).           Sajib Dasgupta and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the NAACL HLT Workshop on Semi-Supervised Learning for Natural Language Processing, 2009.
	NAACL-HLT'09		Graph-Cut-Based Anaphoricity Determination for Coreference Resolution.           Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 2009 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, 2009.
	EACL'09		Weakly Supervised Part-of-Speech Tagging for Morphologically-Rich, Resource-Scarce Languages.           Kazi Saidul Hasan and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the Twelfth Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 2009.
	EACL'09		Learning-Based Named Entity Recognition for Morphologically-Rich, Resource-Scarce Languages.           Kazi Saidul Hasan, Md. Altaf ur Rahman, and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the Twelfth Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 2009.
	2008
	CL Journal		Semisupervised Learning for Computational Linguistics, by Steven Abney (Book review; pre-publication version).           Vincent Ng.           Computational Linguistics 34(3), 2008.
	EMNLP'08		Unsupervised Models for Coreference Resolution. [Listed by Paper Digest in Aug 2021 as the #15 most influential paper of EMNLP 2018]           Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 2008 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, 2008.
	ICTAI'08		FIP: A Fast Planning-Graph-Based Iterative Planner.           Jicheng Fu, Farokh Bastani, Vincent Ng, I-Ling Yen, and Yanzheng Zhang.           Proceedings of the Twentieth IEEE International Conference on Tools in Artificial Intelligence, 2008.
	2007
	EMNLP'07		Unsupervised Part-of-Speech Acquisition for Resource-Scarce Languages.           Sajib Dasgupta and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 2007 Joint Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing and Computational Natural Language Learning, 2007.
	ACL'07		Semantic Class Induction and Coreference Resolution.           Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 45th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 2007.
	NAACL-HLT'07		High-Performance, Language-Independent Morphological Segmentation.           Sajib Dasgupta and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of Human Language Technologies: The Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 2007.
	IJCAI'07		Shallow Semantics for Coreference Resolution.           Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the Twentieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2007.
	ICON'07		Unsupervised Word Segmentation for Bangla.           Sajib Dasgupta and Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Natural Language Processing, 2007.
	2006
	LRE Journal		Unsupervised Morphological Parsing of Bengali.           Sajib Dasgupta and Vincent Ng.           Language Resources and Evaluation, 40(3-4), a Special Double-Issue on Asian Language Processing: State of the Art Resources and Processing, 2006.           (This is an expanded version of the ICON paper above.)
	COLING/ACL'06		Examining the Role of Linguistic Knowledge Sources in the Identification and Classification of Reviews. [Listed by Paper Digest in May 2022 as the #10 most influential paper of COLING/ACL 2006]           Vincent Ng, Sajib Dasgupta, and S. M. Niaz Arifin.           Proceedings of the COLING/ACL 2006 Main Conference Poster Sessions, 2006.
	2005
	ACL'05		Machine Learning for Coreference Resolution: From Local Classification to Global Ranking.           Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 43rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 2005.
	AAAI'05		Supervised Ranking for Pronoun Resolution: Some Recent Improvements.           Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the Twentieth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2005.
	2004
	ACL'04		Learning Noun Phrase Anaphoricity to Improve Coreference Resolution: Issues in Representation and Optimization.           Vincent Ng.           Proceedings of the 42nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 2004.
	2003
	HLT-NAACL'03		Weakly Supervised Natural Language Learning Without Redundant Views.           Vincent Ng and Claire Cardie.           Main Proceedings of the Human Language Technology Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 2003.
	EMNLP'03		Bootstrapping Coreference Classifiers with Multiple Machine Learning Algorithms.           Vincent Ng and Claire Cardie.           Proceedings of the 2003 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, 2003.
	CU Tech Report 2003		Machine Learning for Coreference Resolution: Recent Successes and Future Directions.           Vincent Ng.           Cornell University Technical Report CUL.CIS/TR2003-1918, 2003.
	2002
	ACL'02		Improving Machine Learning Approaches to Coreference Resolution. [Listed by Paper Digest in May 2022 as the #5 most influential paper of ACL 2002]           Vincent Ng and Claire Cardie.           Proceedings of the 40th Anniversary Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 2002.
	COLING'02		Identifying Anaphoric and Non-Anaphoric Noun Phrases to Improve Coreference Resolution.           Vincent Ng and Claire Cardie.           Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, 2002.
	EMNLP'02		Combining Sample Selection and Error-Driven Pruning for Machine Learning of Coreference Rules.           Vincent Ng and Claire Cardie.           Proceedings of the 2002 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, 2002.
	HLT'02		Detecting Discrepancies in Numerical Estimates Using Multidocument Hypertext Summaries.           Michael White, Claire Cardie, Vincent Ng, and Daryl McCullough.           Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Human Language Technology Research, 2002.
	2001
	HLT'01		Multi-document Summarization via Information Extraction.           Michael White, Tanya Korelsky, Claire Cardie, Vincent Ng, David Pierce, and Kiri Wagstaff.           Proceedings of the First International Conference on Human Language Technology Research, 2001.
	DUC'01		Detecting Discrepancies and Improving Intelligibility: Two Preliminary Evaluations of RIPTIDES.           Michael White, Claire Cardie, Vincent Ng, Kiri Wagstaff, and Daryl McCullough.           Proceedings of the 2001 Document Understanding Conference, 2001.
	2000
	ANLP'00		Examining the Role of Statistical and Linguistic Knowledge Sources in a General-Knowledge Question-Answering System.           Claire Cardie, Vincent Ng, David Pierce, and Chris Buckley.           Proceedings of the Sixth Applied Natural Language Processing Conference, 2000.